William Eichler 13 November 2025

Stark inequalities in SEND pupil distribution revealed

Stark inequalities in SEND pupil distribution revealed  image
© Olesia Bilkei / Shutterstock.com.

Local authorities are warning of mounting pressures as new research reveals stark inequalities in the distribution of pupils with special educational needs and disabilities (SEND) across England’s mainstream schools.

The study from the National Foundation for Educational Research (NFER), funded by the Nuffield Foundation, shows that over half (56%) of pupils with Education, Health and Care Plans (EHCPs) are now educated in mainstream settings—up from 49% in 2015/16—with the sharpest growth in primary schools.

However, some schools are under far greater strain than others: those with the highest rates of pupils with EHCPs have up to six times as many as those with the lowest.

Researchers warn that uneven distribution can intensify pressures on staffing, resources, and access to specialist support as schools known for taking in pupils with EHCPs become in the words of one local authority interviewee ‘victims of their own success’.

As the Government prepares its delayed schools white paper, NFER is calling for reforms that promote a fairer and more sustainable SEND system.

Commenting on the research, Matt Walker, Principal Investigator and Senior Research Manager at NFER, said: ‘The evidence underscores the need to take decisive action to create a fairer, more sustainable SEND system – one that supports inclusive schools rather than working against them – and ensures every child receives the right help in the right setting.’

Discover all the latest analysis in our Autumn Budget Insights series.

SIGN UP
For your free daily news bulletin
Highways jobs

Community Ambassador Project Officer

London Borough of Richmond upon Thames and London Borough of Wandsworth
£35,391 - £42,888
Community Ambassador Project Officer
Recuriter: London Borough of Richmond upon Thames and London Borough of Wandsworth

Director of Customer, Digital and Corporate Strategy 

North Tyneside Metropolitan Borough Council
£108,842
If you are a strategic thinker who can inspire teams, champion innovation and drive meaningful change, we would love to hear from you.  North Tyneside, Tyne and Wear
Recuriter: North Tyneside Metropolitan Borough Council

Trainee Business Administrator

London Borough of Richmond upon Thames and London Borough of Wandsworth
£27,781 - £31,575
Trainee Business Administrator
Recuriter: London Borough of Richmond upon Thames and London Borough of Wandsworth

Adults Social Worker - South Essex (Expression of Interest)

Essex County Council
£38487 - £51834 per annum
Register your interest here to be notified of upcoming Social Worker opportunities within Essex County Council's Adult Social Care services in South England, Essex, Basildon
Recuriter: Essex County Council

Minerals Monitoring and Compliance Officer

Durham County Council
Grade 9 £35,412 to £39,152 per annum
We are looking for an experienced individual who has the knowledge of service planning issues relating to development management and monitoring / comp Durham
Recuriter: Durham County Council
Linkedin Banner