A cancer causing chemical has been found in residents of Thornton Cleveleys in Lancashire.

Nearly 70% of 49 residents tested had increased levels of PFOA (perfluorooctanoic acid), part of the PFAS (per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances) group of chemicals, placing them at a higher risk of developing high cholesterol and some cancers.

The tests were carried out by Manchester Metropolitan University on behalf of Leigh Day which has been investigating PFAS contamination in the area.

Leigh Day partner Sarah Moore, who leads the firm's investigations, said: ‘The results of our testing project in Thornton Cleveleys are hugely concerning.

‘The Government has promised increased engagement and regulation of PFAS contamination, but as yet nothing has been done. The situation in Thornton Cleveleys is a reminder that action should be taken now.’

The Environment Agency is leading a multi-agency investigation in the area - with Wyre Council, NHS organisations, UKHSA, Lancashire County Council, Defra and the Food Standards Agency – examining historic PFAS contamination associated with the neighbouring AG Chemicals site where PFOA was historically used until 2012. 

Soil testing in the area has found elevated levels of PFOA in samples taken from residents' properties and nearby allotments.

The council has since issued advice to residents not to eat fruit, vegetables or eggs produced in the vicinity, while two allotments have been formally closed.

Not enough evidence

A spokesperson for the multi-agency investigation said a UKHSA rapid evidence review had concluded there was not enough evidence to determine whether long-term PFAS exposure from industrial or manufacturing sites causes adverse health effects in nearby communities.

The spokesperson added: ‘We are concerned that some residents have been offered blood tests that cannot show where exposure occurred, whether PFAS has caused a health condition or what their future health risk may be.

‘PFAS biomonitoring is not currently recommended for individuals through the NHS or private blood tests.

‘We are also concerned that people may have been advised to consider intrusive therapies to reduce PFAS levels. Evidence that these interventions improve health outcomes remains uncertain, and should not be pursued without specialist clinical advice and oversight.

‘The multi-agency group will continue to review the best available evidence, share information openly and update health advice as necessary.’

AGC Chemicals response

AGC Chemicals said it was aware of the recent blood testing results, commenting: ‘Whilst the parties conducting these tests have chosen not to share their findings and data with us, we would emphasise that the UK Government's position is clear: PFAS blood testing does not predict future health problems and can sometimes create unnecessary concern. For these reasons PFAS biomonitoring is not currently recommended through the NHS or private blood tests.’

The company said the Hillhouse site and surrounding area had been the site of industrial chemical manufacturing long before it had been established.

It added: ‘Since the wider multi-agency investigation is still ongoing and no formal determination of land contamination has been made under Part 2A of the Environmental Protection Act, we cannot speculate on future outcomes or next steps.  

‘AGC Chemicals Europe, Ltd has been part of the Thornton Cleveleys’ community since 1999. The health, wellbeing and safety of our employees and the local community remain our priority.’

Lee Peart is editor of Hemming Group’s Healthcare Management magazine.